1 引 言 2004年12月26日,发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛南西面印度洋海底的8.6级大地震导致了一场史无前例的海啸灾难。在地震数分钟内,大海汹涌冲上海岸,毁灭了北苏门达腊海岸,造成南亚和东非13个国家近20万人死亡,而财产损失更是不计其数。作者利用美国MODIS WEB和新加坡国立大学(National University of Singapore)CRSP(Centre for Remote Imaging,Sensing and Processing)网站发布的Terra-MODIS数据,不失时机地对印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛地灾情开展了研究,通过遥感信息处理发现了4种具有特殊征状的遥感奇异信息——黄边岛岸、海水层圈、海—云层圈和尖角云。研究表明,这些遥感奇异信息具有比原始遥感影像更为深刻的指示意义,通过对它们解析研究,可以对这次海啸灾难有更多的认识了解。 基本研究数据为TerraMODIS灾前(2004.12.17)和灾后(2004.12.29)南亚轨道区影像数据,相关成像参数见表1[1]。这两天影像区的云量覆盖率都较高。但所幸的是,以重灾区苏门答腊岛北端为中心的区域云量偏少,这使得该区域数据应用成为可能。由于成像时间分别为灾前11天和灾后1天,灾区影像特征变化具有很好的可比性。新加坡CRSP公布了这两天整个东南亚MODIS影像的三种不同波段合成处理的结果,即:(1)近红外、红光波段和绿光波段假彩色合成影像;(2)近红外、红光波段和绿光波段假彩色合成影像;(3)真彩色合成影像。但这些影像均为压缩JPEG图像格式,已不适于进一步作遥感信息提取处理。实际研究采用的MODIS数据来自美国MODIS Web提供的1B精度MODIS数据,共1~7波段,通过输入以苏门答腊岛北端为中心的矩形区域坐标直接从Internet上下载[2]。影像区域大小为1078(像元)×4060(像元),面积为1,733,620km2(500米分辨率)。
表1. 2004.12.26和2004.12.29 Terra-MODIS南亚成像区参数 Table1.imaging parameters of Terra-MODIS to South Asia in Nov.26 & 29.2004
Analysis to the bizzare remote sensing information of EOS-MODIS images in the island of Sumatra during the period of sea-earthquake of November 26th,2004 Wu Hong,Guo Yuanfei,Zhang Yinqiao,Peng Zhongqin (Institute for Remote Sensing Application,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin,541004,Guangxi,P.R. China)
Prof. Wu Hong Institute of Remote Sensing Application Guilin University of Technology Jiangan Rd 12 541004,Guilin Guangxi,P.R.CHINA E-mial:wuhong@glite.edu.cn Fax:0086-773-5892796 【Abstract】 In December 26,2004,the tremendous earthquake up to grade 8.6 happened at the sea floor under the Pacific,where is located in the southwest of the island of Sumatra,Indonesia,has caused serious hazard to 13 countries of the south Asia and the regions around the Pacific. Four strange remote sensing information that they have special characters and sharps,that is,the yellow island margin,level-ring of sea water,level-ring of sea-cloud and the sharp-horn cloud,had been found in the north end of the island of Sumatra,an area suffered serious hazard and the sea area where closes to the center of earthquake,through remote sensing investigation study by using digital image processing to MODIS image data from MODIS Web of U.S. and CRSP of National University of Singapo. The strange remote sensing information is to be more indicating significant more than the original remote sensing image. More knowing to this hazard of sea-earthquake had been taken out through these analysis and explaining to those strange remote sensing information. 【Keywords】 Sumatra;sea-earthquake;EOS-MODIS;strange remote sensing information
附图:
Fig2. the strange yellow island margin at the southwest end of the island of Sumatra in MODIS image displayed by non-linear enhancement processing. And the arrowhead points is the strange sharp-angled shape clouds
Fig3. ring-layer of seawater, level-ring of sea-cloud and opposite moving of tsunamis and silt and the solid organic matter swept away from land by the tsunami,which revealed by ISODATA classification
Fig4. quantitative analysis to ring-layer of seawater,level-ring of sea-cloud revealed by ISODATA classification
Fig7. the red rectangle frame is study area in Terra-MODIS image in South Asia region in Nov. 29,2004
Fig 5 & 6. relation of vertical(Fig 4)and horizontal(Fig 5)distortion of landform under seabed at the epicenter,dynamic field of tsunamis and ring-layer of seawater
Fig8. idea model of level-ring of sea-cloud forming